11. Acute exacerbations 143 Antje Prasse 12. Cancer 151 Carlo Vancheri 13. Pulmonary hypertension 160 Etienne-Marie Jutant, Laura Price, S. John Wort, Marc Humbert and David Montani 14. CPFE: distinctive and non-distinctive features 175 Athol U. Wells, George A. Margaritopoulos, Katerina M. Antoniou, Hilario Nunes and Ulrich Costabel 15. Other comorbidities 186 Michael Kreuter, Eva Brunnemer, Svenja Ehlers-Tenenbaum, Nicolas Kahn, Jacques Bruhwyler and Martin Kolb 16. Pharmacological management 196 Vincent Cottin and Claudia Valenzuela 17. Symptom management: dyspnoea and cough 218 Wim A. Wuyts 18. Nonpharmacological interventions: rehabilitation, palliative care and 230 transplantation Klaus Kenn, Rainer Gloeckl, Inga Heinzelmann and Nikolaus Kneidinger 19. Key patients’ needs: a patient’s perspective 243 Derek Ross 20. Key ongoing issues in trial design 253 Mark G. Jones and Luca Richeldi 21. Perspectives for the future 260 Toby M. Maher and Paolo Spagnolo