Contents Preface v Guest Editors vii Introduction x List of abbreviations xi Clinical entities 1. Pneumothorax 1 Steve Walker and Nick Maskell 2. Pulmonary embolism 15 Stefano Barco and Stavros V. Konstantinides 3. Right heart failure 32 Benjamin Sztrymf, Constance Vuillard, Athénaïs Boucly, Elise Artaud-Macari, Caroline Sattler, David Amar, Xavier Jaïs, Olivier Sitbon, Marc Humbert and Laurent Savale 4. Acute exacerbations of COPD 48 Alison Patricia Butler, Laura-Jane E. Smith and Alexander John Mackay 5. Acute exacerbations of asthma 66 Nirav R. Bhakta and Stephen C. Lazarus 6. Hypercapnic respiratory failure in non-COPD 86 Neeraj M. Shah and Patrick B. Murphy 7. Severe community-acquired pneumonia 101 Adamantia Liapikou, Catia Cilloniz, Adrian Ceccato and Antoni Torres 8. Acute exacerbations of interstitial lung disease 117 Marcel Veltkamp and Jan C. Grutters 9. Severe haemoptysis 132 Muriel Fartoukh, Guillaume Voiriot, Samuel Hadad, Hicham Masmoudi, Jalal Assouad, Marie-France Carette, Antoine Khalil and Antoine Parrot ERS monograph Pulmonary Emergencies Number 74 December 2016